Procedure for withdrawing published articles
The article retraction process usually begins with an initiative from the authors or the editor-in-chief after critical errors or ethical violations are discovered. First, the editorial board conducts a thorough investigation to confirm the validity of the claims, after which an official decision on retraction is made. Instead of deleting the text, the journal publishes a formal retraction notice explaining the reasons and links it to the original article. The paper itself remains in the electronic archive but is marked with a "RETRACTED" watermark on every page to warn readers that it is no longer valid. Finally, the editorial office notifies bibliometric databases to update the publication's status in their registries.
