FEATURES OF FORMING STORMWATER ON URBAN AREAS

Abstract

The increasing of rain intensity, the condition of drainage and the changing of characteristics of urban areas are the most common causes of flooding on urban areas. Therefore, during the formation of stormwater, rainwater costs and volumes grow. The process of stormwater formation on urban areas is analyzed. Increase (intense,stable and slow) and decrease (intense, stable and slow) zones ofstormwater collection areas are determined. The article presentscharacteristics of each zone stormwater formation that depended on the type of runoff area, the types of their equations, on the sizes and limit values of the runoff flow duration from each zone to the control points. On the basis hydrographs of runoff the change in the values of stormwater flow in time is determined. The method of constructinghydrographs of runoff on an example of a scheme of their inflow into arain sewerage laid along urban are considered. The capacity of thecollectors is insufficient due to the intensive development of urban areas, which is accompanied by an increase in stormwater, the growth of hydraulic resistance of the pipelines in the process of operation, and taking into account the compatible working of the storages of rain sewerage. By the method of limiting intensities, the growth of estimated costs on collector section is less intense than the volumes of stormwater passing through these areas, they are desribed by the indicated hydrographs. A numerical simulation change of stormwater hydrographs are conducted. The volumes of stormwater, which should be delayed by the storages of stormwater regulation from the values of the reduction of actual costs are installed. The formulas for calculating of stormwater relative discharges and volumes generated in each zone and collector section are derived. The formulas of delayed storages of stormwater regulation construction are given.