hydroinformatics, databases, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), climate change, evapotranspiration, water balance, droughts
Abstract
Water-related problems are considered to be among the most serious challenges facing humanity in this century. Climate change is significantly affecting the water balance of regions, in particular through changes in precipitation and temperature increases. Due to excessive consumption, pollution of aquifers, inadequate waste management, lack of high-qualitywater collection and distribution technology, and excessive agriculture, the availability of water in the world is decreasing. Despite the fact that ourtechnological capabilities to combat hydrometeorological phenomena have advanced rapidly over the past hundred years, such events are becoming increasingly catastrophic. Hydroinformatics offers significant opportunities to solve some of these problems by integrating databases, models, and decision support.The problem of increasing the number of droughts is very acute in many countries of the world. Drought is a rather complex natural phenomenon, which is caused by a long and significant deficit of precipitation at elevated air temperatures, as a result of which moisture reserves in the soil are depleted due to evaporation and transpiration.To assess drought phenomena, the standardized precipitation index or (SPI) is widely used, which can be calculated for any point using a long series of precipitation observations and is based on the concept of standardized precipitation. Standardized precipitation is understood as the deviation of its value for a certain period of time from the average multi-yearvalue, divided by the root mean square deviation, i.e. normalized values are used. This index was further modified by involving the concept of potential total evaporation PE, after which the calculated index was called the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index or (SPEI).This article examines the dynamics of the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) for the city of Rivne for the period 1973–2024. Air temperature and precipitation databases were used, as well as hydroinformatics methods, in particular the R programming language.Analysis of changes showed trends towards increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation levels, which affects the provision of water resources to agriculture and the functioning of hydro-reclamation systems.
Author Biographies
Oleksandr M. Novachok, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor
