АНАЛІЗ СПОСОБІВ МОДИФІКУВАННЯ ДЕРЕВИНИ

Abstract

Wood, as one of the oldest construction materials, holds a prominent position due to its high aesthetic, thermal, organoleptic, and mechanical characteristics. In terms of environmental aspects, wood is a 100% renewable building material. Unlike other traditional construction materials like brick, concrete, and steel, wood not only does not produce greenhouse gas emissions during its cultivation, harvesting, and use, but it also retains CO2 from being released into the atmosphere. In other words, wood acts as a depot for holding carbon dioxide and preventing its emission into the atmosphere. Extending the service life of wood while maintaining its operational parameters is not only an important technical and economic task but also an environmental one. One of the numerous methods for extending the service life of wood is the impregnation of wooden structures with fire retardants, antiseptics, and agents that enhance physical and mechanical properties.Many scientists have worked on the scientific problems of wood modification. New composite materials and modifiers based onnatural, modified natural, and synthetic resins and oils have been developed, and the specific features of wood modification through various methods have been identified.Overall, modification allows for an increase in the physical and mechanical characteristics of wood by 50–250%, and in some cases up to 300%. The technology of modification requires additional labor costs, expenses for impregnation agents, depreciation, and maintenance of equipment for the work, as well as the implementation of quality control measures. These labor, time, and material costs must be considered when calculating the economic effect of wood treatment.