RESEARCH OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON THE WETLANDS OF THE SOMYNE MASSIF OF THE RIVNE NATURE RESERVE FROM ADJACENT SUBSOIL USERS NEAR THE VILLAGE OF PUHACH, SARNY DISTRICT

Abstract

Based on field observations of the transformation of natural conditions in the area near the village of Puhach, Sarny district, study of the state of swamps, groundwater and surface water levels, filtration properties of soils, as well as analysis of materials from previous studies, the limited impact of hydrogeological factors due to the development of mineral deposits on the wetlands of the Somyne massif of the Rivne Nature Reserve has been substantiated. The subsoil users in the Puhach area are currently the State Enterprise "Burshtyn Ukrainy", which develops the Klesiv amber and sand deposit, as well as LLC "Klesiv non-metallic mineral quarry "Technobud", which mines granites. Additional anthropogenic load on the environment of the studied area arises as a result of unauthorized amber mining by dredging and underground hydromechanical leaching. This is a description of the hydrological and hydrogeological conditions in the area between the future amber quarry and the naturereserve. The permissible water drawdown in the quarry and the radius of its influence on the groundwater level have been determined. The potential negative impact on the swamps between the village of Puhach and the Somyne wetland reserve from the unauthorized amber mining present here has been determined, therefore it is recommended to include these swamps in the buffer zone of the reserve. Since, in the identified locations of unauthorized amber mining (observation points 3 and 6), the transformation of hydrological, hydrogeological, soil conditions and vegetation cover is so deep that the former natural landscapes have been transformed into man-made deserts, therefore the neighboring swamps here need protection. It was established that the estimated radius of the quarry’s impact on groundwater in Paleogene and Quaternary sediments, according to well pumping data, is 164 m with an average filtration coefficient of the layer of 0.54 m/day, or 214.6 m with an  average filtration coefficient of 1.04 m/day and an average aquifer complex thickness of 10.0 m.