construction production, additive technologies, 3D printing, construction printer, extrusion, construction site
Abstract
The article contains an overview of the world experience of usingadditive technologies in the construction sector based on the use of 3Dprinting of buildings. The use of 3D printing allows you to implementarchitectural projects of any complexity, reduce the amount ofproduction waste, reduce the housing stock deficit, and reducematerial, energy, and labor costs for construction. Additivetechnologies are quite common in industry today. However, theconstruction industry is very conservative and lags behind other industries in the application of 3D printing. The implementation ofadditive technologies in the process of constructing buildings andstructures is a process that requires a significant share of R&D,however, in addition to universities and scientific groups, largecompanies are also conducting their developments in this field, whoseinterest is obvious - 3D printing of buildings can radically change thereal estate market and related industries. The article analyzes themain types and specifications of 3D printers used for printingbuildings and structures, and their distinctive characteristics.It was determined that the basics of realizing the possibilities of3D-additive technologies are related to overcoming the existinglimitations in architecture, design, material science and technologicalequipment. It can be argued that an innovative breakthrough in thisfield is possible only on the basis of real cooperation betweenarchitects, designers, material scientists and designers. The scale andcomplexity of the tasks are determined by the fact that practicalprinciples and technical solutions have been formed for managing allstages of the 3D printing life cycle: during the design of constructionobjects, depending on the purpose; at the technological stage ofprinting; during operation of construction objects in differentconditions. The question of the materials used for the production ofthe construction mixture was also investigated. Special attention ispaid to the assessment of the current state of 3D printing in the world.The main tasks of the research are: popularization of additivetechnologies in Ukraine, promotion of implementation of innovativeconstruction methods and development of recommendations andpractical formats for the use of 3D printing of buildings.
Author Biographies
D. Н. Kоmyshev, North Minzu University
Professor, Specially appointed expert from the Scool of Civil Engineering
