Статьи

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31713/ve220268

Abstract

The research paper examines the transformation processes of the competitiveness of Ukraine`s national economy under conditions of persistent macroeconomic volatility, financial instability, and global geopolitical shocks. The purpose of the study is to identify the key mechanisms through which global market conditions influence the macroeconomic stability of the state and to determine strategic directions for its adaptation to an unstable global environment. Based on systemic, comparative, and structural-logical methods of analysis, the transmission mechanisms of global commodity markets (grain, energy resources, and ferrous metals) affecting foreign exchange inflows and the balance of payments are examined. Using an empirical analysis of structural shifts in Ukraine’s foreign trade over the period 2021–2025, a deepening export asymmetry is identified: the combined share of agro-industrial products exceeded 50%, while the share of metallurgy declined by more than half compared to the pre-war period. This confirms the critical vulnerability of the traditional commodity-based model of international specialization to price volatility and logistical disruptions. The study substantiates the objective necessity of moving away from a passive export-oriented commodity model. Strategic priorities for ensuring national competitiveness are identified, including structural modernization of industry, export diversification, development of high value-added technology-intensive sectors, and the formation of adaptive institutional frameworks within the context of Ukraine’s European integration course. Particular attention is given to the analysis of institutional mechanisms for adapting domestic enterprises to European regulatory standards and their integration into new, diversified global value chains.

Author Biography