automobile passenger transportation, business, national economy, organizational and legal regulation, licensing, vehicles, drivers, passengers, state control, social protection
Abstract
This article examines the dynamics of the number of issued licenses for various types of passenger transportation, and analyzes the structure of vehicles used for these purposes. The classification of buses into categories based on the following criteria is presented: number of seats (8 or more, no more than 22, more than 22); weight (up to 5 tons and more) and passenger capabilities (sitting, standing). It is analyzed that in the total number of licenses, the share for international passenger transportation was more than 15% in 2020. However, in 2024, since the beginning of the full-scale invasion, the State Service of Ukraine for Transport Safety issued 178 licenses from February to the end of July. The volume of international bus transportation in Ukraine has almost tripled. The total volume of the passenger transportation market for this period amounted to UAH 2.2 billion. Attention is drawn to the changes that took place in the field of licensing in 2024, and their impact on the activities of enterprises engaged in passenger transportation. A fine of UAH 17-34 thousand is provided for carrying out economic activities without obtaining a transport license. In addition, there is a regulatory framework, the Law of Ukraine «On Road Transport», which defines the principles of organization and operation of road transport. According to Article 3 of the Law, this Law regulates relations between road carriers, customers of transport services, executive authorities and local self-government bodies, passengers, vehicle owners, as well as their relations with legal entities and individuals – business entities that ensure the operation of road transport and traffic safety. Particular attention is paid to the requirements for drivers, vehicles and organization of transportation, as well as the rights and obligations of drivers and passengers. The author examines the issue of state control over the activities of road carriers and ensuring social protection of certain categories of citizens when receiving transport services.
Author Biography
Sergii Stakhnіuk, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne
