ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF BIOCENOSES OF LUTSK NATURE-RESERVE OBJECTS

Abstract

The study analyzed and compared the current ecological state of the nature reserve objects on the territory of the city of Lutsk, outlined the impact of the main negative factors of anthropogenic nature on these objects, proposed ways and methods of optimizing this ecological state and preserving biodiversity within nature protection territories in urban urban ecosystems. As of 01.01.2023, the Lutsk Nature Reserve has eight objects, including 1 object of state importance and 7 objects of local  importance. Over the past few years, 2 botanical monuments of local importance have been lost, and the city’s nature reserve fund has shrunk. The article highlights both the systemic environmental problems inherent in all the objects of the nature reserve fund of the city of Lutsk, as well as the specific conditions and the impact of negative factors on individual nature conservation sites in the city. A system of measures to overcome or minimize the negative impact of anthropogenic factors on areas and objects under protection is proposed. Thus, the analysis and on-site inspection of the objects of the nature reserve fund in Lutsk made it possible to identify a number of environmental problems characteristic of the vast majority of landscape complexes: 1) growing recreational load; 2) significant traffic load due to the close location of the facilities to busy streets and highways; 3) clogging of the territory; 4) degradation processes in biocenoses, spread of invasive species. As evidenced by the analysis, natural monuments of the botanical type – ancient trees preserved in the city of Lutsk – have turned out to be particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressure in recent years. Four plots of natural and landscape complexes were  classified as promising for bequests, including: Lutsk 900th Anniversary Park, a grove on St. Bozhenka, Рark of the 40th quarter, a grove near the SKF Ukraine plant.