PHYTOTOXICITY CHANGE OF THE SUBSTRATES OF SAND QUARRY AND DUMP COMPLEXES OF THE CENTRAL PODILLIA UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF POTENTIALLY-FERTILE ROCK

Abstract

A significant number of mineral developments are located within the study region – Central Podillia, including a deposits from open-pit sand mining. An important ecological aspect after the completion of mineral extraction is the carrying out of mining-technical and biological reclamation of the formed mining-industrial landscapes and return these lands to balanced nature management. In the study of phytotoxicity of sand substrates, samples were taken from the Andriykovetskyi s and Barsukiv quarry and dump complexes. As a control sample, a soil sample near an undisturbed territory was chosen as an example of reference natural indicators of water-physical properties for typical soils of the Central Podillia zone. The study used saponite clay from the Tashkiv deposit with a saponite fraction of 0.1 mm, which was added to samples of sandy substrates in a 10%; 20%; 30%; 40%; 50% dosage. Biotesting was carried out for the biological diagnosis of the investigated substrates. The substrate will be considered phytotoxic if the value of the test function in the experiment is probably lower than that in the control sample. The substrates that being tested have stimulating properties if the value of the test function in the experiment is higher than that in the control sample. Soil toxicity was determined according to the Kabirov soil toxicity scale. According to the results of the research, a positive effect of saponite clay on the indicator of phytotoxicity of substrates of degraded lands in the processes of reclamation and phytomelioration was revealed, which opens a promising way for further research on the effect of saponite on sandy substrates of quarry and dump complexes in the natural conditions of the Central Podillya. It was established, that when saponite clay was added to the sand substrate, the toxicity index of the sand substrate of the Andriykovets quarry-dump complex changed from the III toxicity class to IV, the toxicity index of the sand substrate of the Barsukiv quarry-dump complex from the II toxicity class after the addition of saponite corresponds to the V toxicity class.