STATISTICAL DATA OF INDICATORS OF THE ANTHROPOCENTRIC BLOCK, WHICH REFLECT A RELIABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF THE AGROSPHERE OF RIVNE AND THE RIVNE REGION

Abstract

The article shows that the problem of thyroid gland diseases in goitre-endemic regions and in radiation-contaminated territories of Ukraine is one of the main ones in endocrinology, and the study of the level and nature of morbidity in specific regions is a necessary condition for the correct organization of medical and preventive care for this contingent of patients. It has been proven that the issue of studying the spread of thyroid pathology in the endemic and radioactive zone will make a significant contribution to the long-term program of the WHO to study the consequences of iodine deficiency and radioactive contamination due to the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The article analyzes the specifics of the impact of goitre endemicity and radiation pollution on the state of health of the population of the city of Rivne and the Rivne region. It has been proven that the prevalence of thyroid diseases among the population of the Rivne region for the years 2009–2019 compared to the indicators in Ukraine (per 10 thousand population) is 1.35 times higher than the indicators in Ukraine. It was also found that the comparative dynamics of the prevalence of thyroid gland pathology among the residents of the northern (controlled) districts exceeded the indicators of the residents of the southern districts of the Rivne region by almost 2 times per 10,000 population. Regulation of the functional activity of endocrine glands is a complex and multicomponent process. One of the main components and the key to the ideal physiological state of the endocrine system is the normal functioning of the exchange of trace elements. Deficiency or excess of such microelements in the human body as a result of technogenic influence (iodine deficiency, exposure to radioactive pollution in some cases leads to numerous pathological conditions, in the emergence and progression of which glands of internal secretion take a direct part. It is recognized that the main factor for the occurrence and development of goiter endemic is iodine. Its deficiency contributes to the development of iodine deficiency diseases (goiter and its complications, hypothyroidism, reduced physical and intellectual activity).