CURRENT GLOBAL APPROACHES TO MONITORING URBAN GREEN SPACES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis and synthesis of current global approaches to monitoring urban green spaces under conditions of increasing urbanization and growing anthropogenic pressure on the urban environment. Urban green spaces are considered an important component of urbanized ecosystems, performing ecological, social, and recreational functions and influencing quality of life, microclimate regulation, and the resilience of urban areas. In the context of rising climate risks and the transformation of urban space under the influence of crisis factors, there is an increasing need for scientifically grounded and technologically efficient methods for assessing the condition of green zones. The aim of the study is to generalize and systematize contemporary global approaches to monitoring urban green spaces based on the analysis of recent scientific publications in order to substantiate the feasibility of their application in urban green environment research. The paper analyzes the main methodological approaches to monitoring green spaces, including satellite-based remote sensing, the use of geographic information systems, aerial surveys using unmanned aerial vehicles, vegetation index analysis, and the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning methods. It is demonstrated that each of these approaches has specific advantages and limitations determined by the scale of the study, data accuracy, and application conditions. The study substantiates that integrated approaches combining various geospatial methods are the most effective in current global practice, as they provide a comprehensive assessment of the condition, structure, and dynamics of urban green spaces. Particular attention is paid to the feasibility of implementing these approaches in the practice of monitoring urban green spaces in Ukraine, especially in the context of wartime and post-war transformations of the urban environment. It is noted that systematic monitoring of green zones is an important tool for environmental assessment, urban recovery planning, and ensuring the sustainable development of cities. The results of the study can be used in scientific research, urban planning practice, and the development of strategies for the restoration and development of urban areas.