ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY INDUSTRY ON THE ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

The livestock sector of the agro-industrial complex is currently one of the main sources of soil and other environmental pollution. The main factors of negative impact include: waste and wastewater from livestock complexes, farms and poultry farms; the use of agrochemicals and pesticides; the activities of processing enterprises; and inadequate control over large-scale agricultural facilities. Taken together, this means that the state of land resources and the environment in rural areas needs to be restored. Analysis of current research has shown that the practice of operating livestock complexes has caused significant environmental pollution and negatively affected the living conditions of the population. Therefore, protecting the environment from pollution and preventing infectious, invasive and other diseases in humans and animals are directly related to the implementation of measures to create effective systems for the collection, removal, storage, disinfection and rational use of manure and manure effluents. The article highlights the main areas of negative impact of the livestock industry on the ecological state of the environment. The article examines how livestock enterprises affect water resources, soil and climate. It also analyses ways to reduce the negative impact of the livestock industry on the natural environment. In particular, it is noted that for Ukraine, where small farms specialising in livestock and poultry breeding have developed significantly, it is important to introduce legal regulation of manure use on small areas in order to reduce soil and living organism contamination. Livestock farms, complexes and enterprises engaged in the processing of agricultural products must be equipped with the necessary sanitary protection zones and treatment facilities. Their purpose is to prevent pollution of soil, surface and groundwater, water catchment areas and atmospheric air.