STUDY OF THE CURRENT STATE OF MOISTURE SUPPLY OF TURN-PODZOLISTIC SOIL IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN POLISSYA

Abstract

A study of current climate change in the unit moisture supply of wood-podzolic soil and their further influence on the development of agricultural crops is predicted. Methods for preserving soil moisture and improving soil condition are proposed. Soil moisture saturation is a necessary condition for achieving consistently high yields of agricultural plants as this indicator is a critical factor in ensuring their viability. In plant cells, the amount of water reaches up to 90%. One way or another, all the processes important for plant life are not possible without its presence. Water is necessary not only for plant growth but also for the successful process of photosynthesis and the formation of new organic substances. At the same time, excess water also has a negative impact on the development of most agricultural plants. An important functional feature of water is that, among other things, it acts as a temperature regulator. Up to 99% of the total amount of water is used to ensure thermoregulation processes. The need of plants for moisture depends not only on climatic factors but also on the phases of their development, because water is needed throughout the growing season. The content of at least 5 mm of moisture in the arable layer is enough to start the growth of crops, but more than 20 mm is needed to ensure a friendly germination. It should be noted that during the growing season the urgent needs of plants in water are uneven. For example, critical in terms of yielding a large harvest are the periods of tube emergence for cereals, flowering for buckwheat, legumes and tuber formation for potatoes.