TO THE CHOICE OF RATIONAL LAND USE TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

The purpose of the work is: to analyze modern trends and approaches to the selection and justification of rational land use technologies both in Ukraine and abroad; establish directions for the development of technologies for rational land use in agricultural production; to develop criteria for the selection of technologies of rational land use in agricultural production of Ukraine both in the present and in the post-war period. The developed and implemented technologies of rational land use, which play a decisive role in the production process, provide for: optimization of the land structure; optimization of the structure of sown areas, in accordance with modern tasks of agricultural production; drainage of swampy and waterlogged lands; irrigation and irrigation of arid lands; liming of acidic soils; plastering and rational use of saline and saline soils; development and implementation of rational soil protection systems of agriculture; rational soil cultivation based on the preservation and redistribution of plant residues of agricultural crops; creation of conditions for the rational use of natural fodder lands; increasing the productivity of disturbed lands. The issue of choosing technologies for rational land use after the end of hostilities was considered. Proposals are made regarding the features of the development of elements of farming systems on such lands, in particular, on crop rotation schemes, soil cultivation systems, fertilization and chemical land reclamation, the use of microbiological preparations and the implementation of cultural and technical works. Correctly selected and substantiated technologies of rational land use in modern conditions should provide: the ability to solve complex tasks and problems in the field of agronomy, which involves conducting research and implementing innovations, which is characterized by the complexity of conditions; create new technologies and apply modern technologies of agronomy, taking into account their features and using advanced experience of their implementation, developing the scientific basis of technologies for growing agricultural crops; to develop and implement projects of environmentally safe methods and technologies for the production of high-quality plant products, taking into account the characteristics of agricultural landscapes and economic efficiency; to be able to implement the developed technologies of rational land use in the field of agronomy to preserve and reproduce soil fertility.