PRODUCTIVITY OF CORN ON SOD-PODZOLIC SOILS OF THE WESTERN POLISSIA DEPENDING OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF BASIC FERTILIZER

Abstract

The Polissia zone occupies approximately 18.3% of the territory of Ukraine, where the soil cover is represented mainly by sod-podzolic soils. Despite this, corn is actively grown on the territory of Western Polissia. Taking into account the significant share of corn in crop rotations of the region, the question arose of improving decisions regarding the cultivation of corn with the most effective result. The task of the research was to establish the peculiarities the productivity of the corn hybrid by applying different doses and types of fertilizers on sod-podzolic soils of the Western Polissia. The experimental field is located in the Berezne district, which is located in the eastern part of the Rivne region of the physical-geographical zone of mixed forests of the Polissia region (province). The predominant type of soil on the territory of the experimental field located in the village of Yarynivka is podzolic sandy. The research was conducted during 2021–2022. Certified seed (F1) of the 30273 corn hybrid of the Limagrain company was used as the starting material for the research. The hybrid is characterized by stable growth under various conditions, high productivity and a high index of initial growth energy. As a result of the research carried out during 2021–2022, the productivity of the hybrid was studied on 4 experimental variants of various post-sowing fertilizers. The best yield indicators were observed on the variant with the application of fertilizer Yara 16:16:16 in a dose of 150 kg/ha – 8.76 t/ha. The maximum mass of 1,000 grains, on average over the years of the study – 349 g, was obtained when sowing with Grupa Azoty fertilizer at a rate of 150 kg/ha. At the same time, the balance of mobile phosphorus in the soil after harvesting corn was the most balanced in the variant with the use of fertilizer 8:24:24 at a dose of 150 kg/ha. For the cultivation of corn for grain in the conditions of the Western Polissia of Ukraine, in order to more fully use the soil and climatic potential and save material, technical and financial resources, we propose to sow a hybrid with a pre-sowing application of complex fertilizers in a dose of 150 kg/ha to obtain a grain yield of 8.8 t/ha against the background of full nitrogen nutrition – N120.