STATE OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY BIOSPHERE RESERVE "WESTERN POLISSIA"

Abstract

To intensify cross-border cooperation in the environmental sphere, projects are being implemented according to uniform research programs and methods controlled by specialized institutions. This was the UNESCO project "Man and the Biosphere", created to study the state of the environment in 1970. in the Polissya zone within the Republic of Poland, Ukraine and Belarus. Then specific territories with similar operating conditions were identified: climatic, geological-hydrological, biological-botanical, agricultural, social and recreational features, this reserve is located in the basin of the Western Bug River. The requirements that were put to the implementing states began to be implemented only in the 90s of the last century. Each of the states conducted research on national programs. Later, in 2004, a trilateral working group was established and directions for the development of reserves were determined. On the Polish part there is a "Polesie Narodowy Park" with its center in Urshulin; on the Ukrainian part – "Shatsk Biosphere Reserve" was formed on the basis of the Shatsk National Park based in the village of Shatsk. On the Belarusian part of the cross-border reserve there is the "Biosphere Reserve Prybuzke Polissya" with a base in Brest. In Narodov Park in Polesye, the main objects of protection are the largest peatlands in area, within which hiking trails have been built. Lowland peatlands with well-decomposed peat, which is used by the local population for heating, are dominant. Forests and understory biocenoses are very rich [6]. The territory of Shatsk Lake Region is divided into 4 zones, among which 26.5% are classified as regulated recreation. Each of the reserves has its own scientific orientation: Rostan – forest; "Lake Somynets" – ichthyological; "Pulemets" – peatland-botanical; "Peschansky" – hydrological [2]. In 2004, the Belarusian "Pribugskoe Polesie Reserve" was recognized by UESCO, according to which we provide only those characteristics that were at the time of its creation.