USE OF GIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR MODERNIZATION OF MONITORING SYSTEMS OF NATURAL RESERVES FUND OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The Nature Reserve Fund (NRF) has a special environmental, scientific, aesthetic, recreational value, created to preserve the natural diversity of landscapes, the gene pool of populations, maintain general ecological balance and background environmental monitoring. A modern database is being created to monitor NRF facilities. In this context, GIS technologies and geographic information support needed to create an appropriate database are of particular importance. Monitoring of NRF facilities is needed to research natural processes, observe their changes, compile environmental forecasts, development of scientifically based recommendations for improving the efficiency of land use, building systems for protection and restoration of natural resources, biota and especially valuable objects.The article considers the basics of geographic information technologies and their use in the field of ecology and environmental protection. Sources of obtaining ecological information are described. The main provisions and structure of geographic information systems are given. The basic concepts of creating cartographic online services for desktops and smartphones dedicated to the visualization of the territory of protected objects, in particular, the placement of biota and other objects of interest to visitors. Methods of monitoring of protected areas with the use of GIS are analyzed and generalized.The method of biota monitoring on the territory of the nature reserve fund has been improved. Information on the placement of old trees along the eco-trail "Murafska dacha" on the territory of NPP "Slobozhanskyi" was introduced using the software NextGis Mobile and Openstreetmap.Provided proposals to the Ministry of Environment of Ukraine, scientists and institutions of the NRF to improve GIS and the main directions of their development of application in the protected area: access via the web to monitoring information about the objects and territories of the NRF; creation and approval of ISO standards for geoinformation processing of eco-data; creation of methodical recommendations, classifiers of attributive information for creation of the uniform database of flora, fauna and landscapes within NRF.