STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVITIES ON FLORA DURING THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE TITANIUM ORE QUARRY

Abstract

The article describes the issue of assessing the impact on the environment of activities in the field of mineral extraction, namely the impact of titanium ore extraction on the state of vegetation within the Bukinsk section of the Mezhyrich deposit. Research results make it possible to assess the ecological consequences of the impact of planned activities on the biotic component, to assess the background state of ecosystems and to establish the presence or absence of particularly valuable territories in a protected manner. The results of the research proved that the area of the planned activity is represented mainly by forest plantations. In general, the biogeocenoses of the studied territory are stable and suitable for the existence of flora and fauna. Groupings of bogs are characterized by partial seasonal flooding of the soil surface. The swampy landscapes of the area undergo intensive succession, which can lead to the change of the biotope to the biocenoses of the surrounding forests and formations as a whole. Dry meadows are mainly located in the zone of influence of the object of planned activity. Part of the meadows is overgrown with wood species of Scots pine and hanging birch. In general, the development of the vegetation cover is satisfactory, as evidenced by the complex vegetation index NDVI, which was recorded at the time of the growing season. Based on the results of the research, the features of the distribution of forest communities were determined depending on the topography of the area. Rare plant species and species protected in the territory of the planned activity and in the zone of influence of the ilmenite ore mining quarry during the period of research were not detected. In general, forest plantations are cluttered with undergrowth, which negatively affects the biogeocenosis of the forest as a whole, satisfactory forest formations are located only on the territory of exploitation forests.In our opinion, in order to assess the impact of activities on flora and fauna during the construction and operation of the Bukinskaya section of the Mezhyrich deposit, it is necessary to conduct constant monitoring of key ecosystems located in the sanitary protection zone, as well as in the zone of influence of the enterprise up to 500 meters. It is proposed to improve the monitoring system of the researched object by conducting a geo-informational analysis based on satellite images and aerial photography followed by the creation of orthophoto plans.