CHEMICAL AMELIORATION OF SOILS OF THE KYIV REGION

Abstract

 The results of research in the laboratory for the protection and improvement of soil fertility and project documentation and monitoring and agrochemical passport system of soils in 2016–2020 are presented. SE «Institute for Soil Protection of Ukraine». From data of materials of the agrochemical passport system of earth of the agricultural setting, in the Kyiv area, from the 654,71 thousand hectares of the earth inspected for 2016–2020, counted 316,9 thousand hectares that need liming and 90,9 thousand hectares is gypsuming. During 2016–2020, liming of sour soils was conducted on an area 35,1 thousand hectares, including for 2020 – 12,4 thousand hectares. Limestone ameliorants are added in quantity 134,1 thousand tons, including in 2020 35,3 thousand tons. Brought in the gypsum of ameliorants only in 2016 on an area 1,5 thousand hectares, in an amount 0,4 thousand tons. On the whole for areas during fifteen years of supervisions (2006–2020) the educed increase of sour soils on 4,2% (13,2 thousand hectares) and alkaline on 0,8% (21,7 thousands hectares). Given for years (2011–2020) testify to gradual reduction of sour soils on 0,3% (29,2 thousand hectares) and increase of alkaline soils on 3,5% (11,6 thousand hectares). In the last two decades to the minimum realization of works are from native soil-amendment, and separate works in general are not conducted already a few years in succession. Since 2011, chemical land reclamation of the Kyiv region has been carried out without the participation of SE «Institute for Soil Protection of Ukraine». In order to prevent the increase in areas of acidic and alkaline soils, it is necessary to renew works from chemical land reclamation of soils and change going near financing of these measures. In composition the state budget to create the special State fund of economic stimulation of fertility-improving of soils, money of that will head exceptionally for the decision of problems of guard and recreation of the quality and high-performance state of soils. Sources of filling of the State fund of economic stimulation of fertility-improving of soils there can be money that come as penalty approvals for a failure to observe of projects of organization of the use of land and set crop rotations, and also compensation of losses of nutritives and humus from soils through assumption of negative balance of these elements because of without economic, consumer use of the landed resources. In fact realization of measures on the native improvement of earth is not only necessary pre-condition of creation of the ecologically balanced ecosystems but also stipulating the considerable increase of the productivity of soils, provides high economic efficiency of the inlaid resources.