CLIMATE FEATURES FORMATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE IKVA RIVER BASIN
Keywords:
climate change, air temperature, precipitation, ecological condition, meteorological phenomena.Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of climate change within the Ikva River basin, which were based on the analysis of long-term data on air temperature and precipitation of meteorological stations in the study area. The analysis is carried out and the estimation of changes of climatic factors is given. The main indicators of the air temperature regime are substantiated, the tendencies of change of these indicators are established. The time limits of changes in air temperature, precipitation and other climatic factors are determined. The regularities of space-time dynamics and distribution of modern changes in the elements of climatic indicators have been studied. The main climatic indicators, as well as their territorial distribution are set in the annual course of temperature and precipitation. Climate change remains an important factor influencing river ecosystems. Since 1988, there has been a clear trend towards warming in the Ikva River basin, especially in the winter months. The average monthly air temperature in January increased by an average of 2.2º C, and in February by 1.6º C. The air temperature of the warm period, especially in July and August, gradually increased by 1.5º C. An insignificant decrease in air temperature by 0.1º С can be traced in December. Since 2007, there has been an increase in humid, warm air masses, mainly in the western direction, which leads to a mitigation of the climate, i.e. changes in the nature of precipitation in summer (predominance of showers), decrease in snow cover and predominance of thaws in winter. The average annual rainfall in the area over a long period of observations ranged from 600 to 700 mm. There are often showers and torrential rains on the territory, when more than 100 mm of precipitation can fall in a short period of time. Among the main factors that determine the formation and features of the climate of the Ikva River basin, we note solar radiation, atmospheric circulation and the nature of the underlying surface.References
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