ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE TERESVA RIVER BASIN

Abstract

Mountain nature is particularly vulnerable to various forms of economic influence. Therefore, the planning of infrastructural elements of the tourism industry should take into account not only the development of the industry, but also the preservation of the natural environment. This issue is especially acute in Transcarpathia, because good ecological status is one of the recreational resources of this region. However, it should be noted that when studying the impact of tourism development on the ecological condition of mountainous areas, the basin approach is important. It is established that tourism in the basin of the Teresva River of Tyachiv district is developing rapidly and in its various forms due to the high recreational and tourist potential of the territory. It is established that the greatest development here has been achieved by such types of tourism as: speleological, mountainhiking, skiing, horseback riding, historical and cultural. Despite the obvious positive effect on the district's economy, the intensive development of tourism has a number of negative effects on the environment.With the help of SWOT-analysis the natural-resource, recreationaltourist potentials and the state of the natural environment of the Teresva river basin were assessed. Despite the obvious positive effect on the economy of the district, the intensive development of tourism has a number of negative effects on the environment. It is determined that the main negative consequences of the impact on the environment of tourist destinations in the basin of the Teresva River are the change of primary landscapes, surface water pollution, air pollution from road, rail transport, environmentally hazardous waste management. Given the above negative consequences of the development of tourism on the ecological condition of the Teresva river basin, it is necessary to develop and implement environmental measures aimed at minimizing and eliminating them.