Bulletin National University of Water and Environmental Engineering
Наукові статті в галузі економіки опубліковані в кн. Розраховано на науковців, інженерів, студентів вищих навчальних закладів.
National university of water and environmental engineering
APPROACHES TO INTERPRETING THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN INSURANCE COMPANY
In modern transformation processes for the economic development of the country, the progress of every company, including insurance, is ensuring financial and economic security, which is the main postulate for the growth of business and the country as a whole. The article presents a comprehensive approach to ensuring the financial and economic security of insurance companies, which provided for clarifying the essence of the concept of "financial security of an insurance company". The analysis of this concept allowed us to form our own vision of it, as the ability to identify internal and external threats, the ability to take measures to improve asset quality, solvency, financial stability, and profitability even under conversion conditions. Therefore, the article states that the consideration of insurance financial security should take place not as the status of an insurance company, but as a process of achieving a certain state of an insurance company, characterized by resistance to internal and external threats, an optimal structure of funding sources, ensuring rational management of insurance reserves, insurance obligations for timely compliance with requirements, and the insurer – productive work now and in the future. Thus, clarifying the essence and place of the financial security of an insurance company and the institutions for determining the main threats to the functioning of the insurance market are important for rational and justified regulation, monitoring the effectiveness of insurers' activities and developing their strategic goals and choosing methods of implementation. Financial security of an insurance company is a long-term activity of an insurance company, the management of which is designed to ensure their proper level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bulletin National University of Water and Environmental Engineering
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE SUSTAINABILITY REPORT OF CEMENT MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES
The article carries out a content analysis of sustainable development reporting of cement enterprises using the online platform Voyant Tools. This approach allowed us to identify key vectors of interaction with society and determine the level of integration of the social and environmental dimensions into the strategic management of the enterprise. Visualization of the results of the content analysis allowed us to identify the central themes that dominate at the current stage of implementation of CSR principles. The dominant terms in 2024 «financial», «management», «performance», «sustainability», «Holcim», «group», «emissions», «employees» form the content center of the map and represent the key areas on which the attention of enterprises is focused in their public reporting on sustainable development. The financial and management cluster is formed by such categories as «financial», «management», «business», «group», «value», «assets», «performance», «million». The social cluster («employees», «risk», «governance», «safety», «committee», «board») emphasizes the importance of personnel management and cooperation with stakeholders. The environmental cluster includes the terms «emissions», «water», «energy», climate», «carbon», «environmental», which reflect the main areas of environmental responsibility of cement industry enterprises in 2024. The keyword «emissions» is one of the most visually highlighted, which indicates the central role of decarbonization in the sustainable development of cement
ATTRACTING DEPOSITS UNDER MARTIAL LAW AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL
The mechanisms of attracting deposits under martial law as a tool for the development of entrepreneurial potential are worked out. The economic essence of deposits is studied from the perspective of the present. The definition of the economic essence of the concept of “deposits” is generalized from the point of view of retrospect. The types of deposits, which are mainly offered by banks today, are allocated. The approaches to the classification of deposits are analyzed and summarized. Generalization of the achievements of domestic scientists allowed to form a classification of bank deposits with the allocation of fourteen features. The stages that, in accordance with the marketing capabilities of the bank, go through the process of solving a specific marketing situation are identified. The volumes of deposits of individuals and legal entities in 2020–2023 are researched and analyzed. The challenges faced by banks in the process of implementing deposit policy are identified. In particular, they include the instability of the economic situation, which affects the confidence of depositors, the high level of competition in the banking market, and, above all, changes in the regulatory environment, in particular, in the monetary policy of the National Bank of Ukraine. The largest players in the deposit market are identified. The deposit conditions of state-owned banks of Ukraine are analyzed. Innovative technologies in the banking sector are highlighted. The average UIRD rates in 2024 are analyzed. The main challenges for the deposit sector that exist at present are stated. A comparison of deposit rates offered by state-owned banks of Ukraine is made. The impact of changes in the banking system on the livelihoods of the population is revealed. The “positive” prospects for the deposit market of Ukraine are listed. Measures to stimulate the deposit activity of banks are proposed. The article investigates how the attraction of deposits by banks affects the development of entrepreneurial potential.
ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS OF STATE INCENTIVES FOR THE GREENING OF THE HOTEL INDUSTRY: THE FRENCH MODEL AS A VECTOR FOR TRANSITION ECONOMIES
This article examines economic instruments of government support for the greening of the hotel industry. The relevance of analyzing the French model is substantiated. Key environmental policy tools are identified, including tax incentives, grant programs, investment support, mandatory environmental assessment, and regional support mechanisms. An overview of France’s core legal acts is provided. The study defines five components of the French model: legislative obligations, institutional support, fiscal tools, territorial programs, and the integration of environmental assessment into tourism policy. The model’s effectiveness is demonstrated by the growth of eco-certified hotels, increased investor engagement, and participation in national sustainability initiatives. The findings support the feasibility of adapting the French experience to promote the sustainable recovery of Ukraine’s hotel sector in the post-war period.
WAR BONDS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR FINANCING THE BUDGET UNDER MARTIAL LAW
This article examines military bonds as an effective financial instrument for funding state budgets during wartime. Based on classical economic theory of government debt, military bonds play a crucial role in mobilizing resources for defense needs. The paper reviews international experience, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Israel, highlighting successful historical cases such as the U.S. Civil War and both World Wars, where military bonds financed significant wartime expenditures through public support. The focus is on Ukraine’s current issuance of military government domestic bonds (OVDP), analyzing yield trends, investor structure, and institutional framework. Yields consistently exceed inflation and bank deposit rates, attracting a growing number of individual investors alongside banks and the National Bank of Ukraine. This makes military bonds a valuable tool for preserving and growing capital amid macroeconomic instability. A conceptual model illustrates the systemic impact of military bonds on Ukraine’s economy during war and postwar recovery. Key success factors include transparent markets, attractive investment conditions, institutional stability, and active promotion domestically and abroad. Government initiatives such as tax exemptions, commission-free purchases via the “Diia” app, and public communication campaigns have enhanced investor confidence. Military bonds support timely budget deficit financing caused by increased defense and social spending, and help stabilize monetary markets by absorbing excess liquidity. Potential risks include growing debt burden, inflation, currency volatility, and crowding out private credit. The development of the securities market and expanding the investor base strengthen Ukraine’s financial system, though volatility and risk remain. As of May 2025, over UAH 1.7 trillion has been raised through military bonds, with 41,000+ investors, primarily banks and the National Bank, but private investor participation is growing. This diversification improves the resilience of Ukraine’s wartime financing. In conclusion, military bonds combine traditional debt functions with modern features supporting broad investment and national defense funding. To ensure continued success, balancing debt levels, expanding investors, and developing secondary markets are vital. Future research should explore new instruments and international integration to bolster Ukraine’s fiscal and economic stability.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS BASED ON KPI AND KRI: ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN THE RIVNE REGIONAL CLINICAL HOSPITAL
The reform of Ukraine’s healthcare system has fundamentally changed the operational model of medical institutions, shifting from state-budget funding to a model based on the provision and contractual sale of medical services. This shift has created strategic challenges for healthcare institutions, necessitating the introduction of modern strategic management approaches and the reengineering of internal business processes. In this context, the implementation of performance-based management tools such as the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Key Result Indicators (KRIs) is becoming essential for ensuring organizational sustainability, service quality, and patient trust. The article explores the practical application of these tools using the case of Yuri Semenyuk Rivne Regional Clinical Hospital. The research demonstrates how the integration of KPIs and KRIs into the hospital's strategic management system enabled a more transparent, comprehensive, and dynamic performance evaluation framework. KPIs are used to assess the performance of individual healthcare professionals based on service volume, service quality, patient satisfaction, innovation, and compliance, while KRIs are applied at the departmental level to evaluate overall effectiveness and strategic alignment. The paper details the hospital’s experience in designing a cascading evaluation model that incorporates both financial and non-financial indicators across strategic dimensions such as finances, clients, internal processes, and learning & growth. It also outlines the methodology for weighting and calculating composite indicators using a structured index system. The annual revision of indicators and development of indicator passports have proven to be critical for adaptability and relevance.
INNOVATIVE ATTRACTIVENESS OF BUSINESS ENTITIES: EVALUATION, USE AND RISKS IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INSTABILITY
In modern business conditions, the main factors of business competitiveness are the ability to generate new ideas, gain access to scientific and technical knowledge and effectively transform them into modern innovative products and services. The high cost of creating new knowledge, the complexity of research processes and long investment cycles further exacerbate inequality in access to strategic resources, which leads to a deepening of the global differentiation of economies. According to the proposed conceptual framework, the effectiveness of state innovation policy should be assessed according to two key criteria: first, the completeness of access of innovation entities to the necessary resources (in particular, scientific knowledge, technological developments, financial and infrastructure resources); second, the degree of reduction of innovation risks and the creation of favorable conditions for the realization of innovation potential, taking into account the influence of the competitive environment. The main components of innovation attractiveness are: resource capacity, market opportunities and risks and intensity of competition. Resource innovation attractiveness of business entities. The resource component of the innovation attractiveness of a business entity can be determined by the volume of key resources used to implement innovation projects. Also, in modern conditions, it is necessary to include the level of access to dual-purpose military and civilian technologies; the degree of business digitalization; the level of international scientific and technical cooperation. The list of resources (indicators) is determined by the strategic goals of the business entity and can be established using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Assessing market opportunities and risks for businesses to gain competitive advantages. Particular attention should be paid to external economic factors, as the risks of energy security, currency instability, and limited demand in wartime have a critical impact. Probabilities and strengths of influence should take into account: the impact of sanctions/embargoes; changes in global supply chains; the state of international assistance and technology transfer. The use of this methodology can become a tool for forming targeted programs of state support for innovation projects, monitoring their development, and assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of national innovation policy as a whole.
DATA VISUALISATION IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: ITS ROLE IN STRATEGIC BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
The article is devoted to researching the role of data visualisation in strategic planning and enterprise management in the digital economy. Visualisation is considered a key component of modern analytical infrastructure, ensuring transparency of management processes, facilitating rapid decision-making and the formation of a unified information environment within an organisation. It is argued that visual means of presenting information are becoming a full-fledged analytical tool capable of influencing the strategic flexibility of an enterprise. Approaches to the implementation of data visualisation systems within the framework of digital business transformation are systematised. The main stages of this process are highlighted: initialisation, assessment of analytical maturity, development of technical specifications, selection of tools, staff training and configuration of feedback mechanisms. The need to integrate technological solutions with the development of an analytical culture that encompasses behavioural models focused on the continuous use of data in the management process is emphasised. Examples of industry implementation of visualisation tools are summarised, particularly in the banking sector, logistics, energy, telecommunications and retail. The cases presented demonstrate the wide range of possibilities of such tools for monitoring, forecasting, optimising business processes and improving the quality of management decisions. It is concluded that the effective use of data visualisation contributes to the growth of enterprises' adaptability to the challenges of the digital economy, provides a deeper understanding of market processes, and creates the conditions for strengthening competitiveness. The materials of the article can be used in strategic management practice, as well as in the development of digital business development strategies.
TOOLS FOR INCREASING THE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF LOCAL BUDGETS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
This article highlights the main problems of financing Ukraine's needs in the conditions of war and economic instability. Macroeconomic indicators and financial security of the state budget are considered. The key factors influencing the financial system of the state are identified and the dependence of the budget on international assistance is analyzed. Financial sustainability of local budgets represents a crucial feature of the budgetary system, reflecting its ability to function effectively amid changing economic environments, macro-financial fluctuations, and emerging threats. Under conditions of war, economic instability, migration, and growing pressure on local finances, ensuring fiscal balance and self financing capacity of communities becomes paramount. This article aims to substantiate the theoretical foundations of local budget financial sustainability, identify its key determinants, and systematize modern tools to strengthen local finances within sustainable development goals. The study highlights that local budget sustainability is vital for maintaining stable funding of social services, infrastructure projects, and community development. It depends on balanced revenues and expenditures, sufficient own income sources, flexible fiscal policies, financial reserves, and debt minimization. Numerous Ukrainian and foreign scholars have contributed to this topic, exploring fiscal decentralization, intergovernmental relations, program-based budgeting, and innovative financial instruments. The analysis reveals that factors affecting financial sustainability are complex, ranging from economic conditions and demographic changes to institutional capacity and environmental challenges. Emphasis is placed on innovative financial management tools such as revenue base expansion, medium-term budgeting, expenditure optimization, municipal borrowing, and alternative financing sources, including green and social bonds. The research concludes that enhancing financial sustainability is not an end in itself but a means to ensure sustainable socio-economic development, social equity, and environmental protection at the local level.
INTEGRATING GREEN MARKETING INTO INTERNAL MARKETING OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AS A FACTOR OF RESILIENCE TO A TURBULENT ENVIRONMENT
This article explores the theoretical, methodological, and practical aspects of integrating ecological (green) marketing into the internal marketing system of higher education institutions (HEIs) as a strategic factor for enhancing their organizational resilience and ensuring education for sustainability in the modern turbulent environment. It is emphasized that global challenges such as climate change, environmental crises, social tensions, and geopolitical instability, particularly the full-scale war in Ukraine, require educational institutions to develop innovative approaches to management and development. The analysis of national and international scientific approaches to the concepts of green marketing, internal marketing, and their synergistic combination in the form of green internal marketing (GIM), especially in the context of HEIs, is conducted. Green marketing is defined as a management concept aimed at aligning organizational activities with the principles of sustainable development and environmental responsibility, while internal marketing in HEIs focuses on motivating, engaging, and developing staff and students as key internal stakeholders. A refined conceptual model for integrating green marketing into the internal marketing of HEIs is proposed, encompassing strategic, tactical, operational, and result-oriented levels. It is substantiated that such integration fosters a shared corporate «green» culture, enhances environmental awareness and responsibility, strengthens the HEI’s brand, and improves its competitiveness. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential for HEI management to use the proposed approach and developed model to design and implement effective sustainable development strategies, increase adaptability to external challenges, strengthen organizational resilience, and cultivate an environmentally oriented educational community.
ENHANCING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS
Financial stability of banking institutions is a key element of the stable functioning of the country’s financial system. In the conditions of a dynamic macroeconomic environment, military aggression against Ukraine, global financial challenges and an increased level of risks, ensuring the stability of the banking system is of particular relevance. This work is devoted to the study of the essence of the financial stability of banks, the factors that influence it, as well as modern approaches to its assessment and improvement. In the process of research, the scientific approaches of Ukrainian scientists to the interpretation of the concept of financial stability were analyzed, in particular in the works of O. Dzyublyuk, I. Babenko, Yu. Dovgal and others. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the regulatory policy of the National Bank of Ukraine and the international Basel III standards on the level of stability of banking institutions. The main factors that reduce the financial stability of banks are identified, including: credit risks, insufficient capitalization, a decrease in confidence on the part of depositors, as well as external shocks. The role of the European Banking Union and the European Central Bank as bodies that form unified approaches to banking supervision and regulation in the EU countries is considered. The paper outlines modern directions for reforming the banking system of Ukraine aimed at increasing its financial stability: strengthening bank capital, developing risk management, increasing transparency and responsibility of banking activities. Practical recommendations are proposed for improving approaches to assessing the financial stability of banks based on a system of quantitative and qualitative indicators. The results obtained can be used in the activities of banking institutions, regulators, as well as in further scientific research in the field of banking stability.
ECONOMY OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES AS THE NEW PARADIGM
The article substantiates the theoretical foundations for the conceptualization of the creative imperative as a key phenomenon in the post industrial model of economic development. It is argued that in the context of the knowledge-based economy, the creative imperative functions as a systemically integrated mechanism for transforming intangible resources into added economic and social value. The paper identifies five interrelated components of the creative imperative – knowledge, ideas, creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurial competencies – as structural elements of a dynamic model that explains the logic of value creation in the modern economy. Special attention is paid to the development of a structural functional model that reveals the internal logic of the transition from cognitive resources to innovative products and services. The model demonstrates how knowledge serves as the initial intellectual foundation, which through creative recombination generates ideas that subsequently evolve into innovations under the influence of entrepreneurial action. The article also examines the systemic properties of the creative imperative – synergy, adaptability, and multiplicativity – as factors that ensure the sustainability, flexibility, and scalability of creative-driven development. Synergy is interpreted as the ability of the creative economy’s components to generate emergent effects exceeding the sum of their individual contributions. Adaptability reflects the capacity of creative agents to respond to external shocks such as technological shifts and socio economic crises. Multiplicativity reveals the creative economy’s potential to produce secondary effects in related sectors, promoting institutional, cultural, and behavioral transformations. The study employs an interdisciplinary methodological framework, drawing on cognitive economics, innovation management, and entrepreneurship theory. It is concluded that the creative imperative should be considered not only as an analytical category but also as a functional development model capable of ensuring long-term competitiveness and transformation of national economies under global uncertainty. The proposed conceptual framework may be applied to the design of strategic policies for economic modernization and sustainable development. Furthermore, the findings offer a theoretical basis for rethinking the role of human creativity in shaping future-oriented economic systems.
STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING PROBLEM ASSETS OF BANKS: DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
The stable functioning of the banking system is a cornerstone of national financial security and sustainable economic growth. One of the most pressing challenges for banks – especially under conditions of political and economic instability – is the accumulation of non-performing loans (NPLs). A high share of such distressed assets undermines banks' financial indicators, reduces liquidity and creditworthiness, and weakens investor and depositor confidence. In Ukraine, the problem of managing NPLs has become increasingly urgent in the context of martial law, macroeconomic shocks, and inflationary pressure. According to the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), the NPL ratio began rising again after 2022, necessitating a revision of restructuring, write-off, and asset sale strategies. International practice offers a broad array of strategies for dealing with NPLs, including the creation of asset management companies (“bad banks”), secondary market debt sales, debt restructuring, and the use of AI for risk assessment. However, their adaptation in Ukraine remains an open issue. This article aims to generalize modern strategies for managing problem assets, evaluate their effectiveness internationally, and assess their applicability within the Ukrainian banking context during wartime. The study highlights key approaches such as the establishment of AMC institutions (e.g., NAMA in Ireland), the development of NPL secondary markets (e.g., in Italy and the U.S.), and restructuring strategies led by dedicated bank divisions. Additionally, modern technologies – such as machine learning and Markov chain models – are increasingly used to predict credit recovery potential. In Ukraine, traditional methods have become less effective amid war-related disruptions to businesses and judicial processes. The article emphasizes the need for flexible, hybrid solutions combining market tools, digital innovation, and state support. The conclusion underscores that Ukraine must pursue a tailored approach – drawing on global best practices while considering local institutional and economic conditions – to enhance its capacity to manage NPLs and maintain financial system resilience.
SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AS A FACTOR IN CONTAINING INTELLECTUAL EMIGRATION
The scientific work investigated the role of skills as a factor in deterring intellectual emigration. The indicator «Human flight and brain drain» was used as the dependent variable У. The list of independent variables was formed using five groups of skills: business, technology, data science, financial skills and language skills. To study the impact of skills on intellectual emigration, the method of correlation analysis was used using the built-in CORREL function in the Excel software product. Calculations were carried out using the example of the countries of the European Union. Analysis of the EU as a reference model will allow us to make effective strategies for Ukraine, which is facing the problem of intellectual emigration. The strongest negative correlation was found between the level of development of skills in the field of data (Data Science) and the level of brain drain (-0.861) - countries with good training of specialists in the field of data management are much better at keeping talents from emigrating. The situation is similar with technological skills (-0.756), which also have a significant impact on the mobility of highly skilled workers. The value of the correlation coefficient between У and X4 at -0.727 indicates that the development of financial skills has a positive effect on keeping talents from migrating abroad. Business skills (-0.676) also have a noticeable impact on reducing brain drain, as they create opportunities for starting their own business and career growth within the country of origin. Business skills help specialists not only adapt to changes in the labor market, but also create new opportunities for development both within organizations and for starting their own business. In contrast, language proficiency (-0.169) has almost no impact on the decision to emigrate. One of the important results of this study is the construction of a two-factor economic and mathematical model, which confirmed that the development of skills in the field of data and finance is an important factor in deterring the intellectual potential of a country from emigration.
USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS IN ІNTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS COMPLEX OF ENTERPRISES
The article explores the advantages and challenges of using artificial intelligence (AI) tools within the framework of integrated marketing communications (IMC) in enterprises. Based on the analysis of the evolution of integrated marketing communications, a definition of IMC in the context of digital transformation has been developed. According to the authors’ approach, the IMC framework of an enterprise is defined as a strategically coordinated system of interconnected tools, channels, and processes aimed at delivering an informational impact on the target audience to promote products, services, or brands. This framework encompasses a wide range of communication activities – from traditional advertising to content placement on digital platforms – combined harmoniously to ensure consistent brand perception among consumers. Unlike fragmented approaches, the IMC complex is characterized by a synergistic methodology, adaptability to market conditions, and a focus on building long-term customer relationships. The article also systematizes both online and offline IMC tools and presents a conceptual model for incorporating AI into the IMC framework. Beyond the integration of traditional channels, enterprises must increasingly consider the opportunities presented by digital technologies – particularly artificial intelligence – as a source of competitive advantage. AI is becoming an essential tool, transforming the landscape of marketing communications. Within the integrated marketing communications system, the use of AI enables new possibilities for data analysis, message personalization, and process automation, allowing enterprises to achieve greater efficiency and precision in audience engagement. Among the challenges of using AI tools within the integrated marketing communications (IMC) framework, the high cost of initial implementation is emphasized. Moreover, ethical considerations must also be addressed, particularly the need to maintain a balance between innovation and user privacy. To fully harness the benefits of AI, enterprises must invest in staff training, develop transparent data policies, and integrate technology with human creativity. Such a hybrid approach ensures a balance between operational efficiency and emotional resonance with the audience, which lies at the core of successful IMC strategies. The authors provide recommendations for optimizing the use of AI in the IMC strategies of enterprises, taking into account current market conditions and technological trends.
OPTIMIZATION OF VALUE-ADDED TAX THROUGH REORGANIZATION OF A LEGAL ENTITY: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ANALYSIS
The article presents a comprehensive theoretical and practical analysis of value-added tax (VAT) optimization through the reorganization of legal entities under the current tax legislation of Ukraine. Given the fiscal importance of VAT as one of the primary sources of public revenue and its high susceptibility to avoidance schemes, the study substantiates the necessity of strategic tax planning as a means of ensuring both legal compliance and business efficiency. Particular attention is paid to the use of corporate reorganization – especially the procedures of spin-off and division – as legitimate instruments for reducing the tax burden without creating VAT liabilities or violating tax law provisions. The research systematizes the legal framework and accounting mechanisms that allow for the structured and tax-neutral transfer of assets and liabilities in the context of legal entity reorganization. A methodological toolkit is presented for assessing the fiscal and operational effects of such transfers. The article models and illustrates these processes through detailed accounting entries that show the impact of such operations on both the company transferring the assets and the newly created legal entity. A key emphasis is placed on the structured comparative table that captures the essence of the financial flows during reorganization, providing a practical and transparent reference for financial professionals, accountants, and tax consultants. The findings reveal that reorganization may serve not only as a tool of operational restructuring but also as a strategic component of lawful tax optimization. Such measures contribute to improved liquidity, enhanced control over tax liabilities, and stronger financial resilience, especially in periods of economic uncertainty. The study proves that this approach enables businesses to preserve working capital, reduce fiscal risks, and improve the predictability of tax burdens across operational cycles. The paper concludes that applying reorganization procedures in full compliance with applicable tax legislation enables the achievement of long-term financial sustainability while maintaining transparency, accountability, and alignment with the principles of fair and responsible taxation.
PRIORITY INVESTMENT AREAS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOODWORKING AND FURNITURE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
The article provides a comprehensive review of the current state of Ukraine's furniture and woodworking industries supplemented by a focused analysis of two specific elements that have been identified as primary constraints on the growth and development of enterprises operating within these industries. The first of these identified restraining factors is a significant shortage of qualified personnel. The second critical factor examined is the advanced stage of physical wear affecting the industries' core tangible assets. To establish a clear benchmark, a comparative analysis of the capital to-labour ratio is presented within the paper, contrasting the economic realities of Ukraine with the established economies of the European Union. In addition, the article also puts forward a detailed comparison between Ukraine and Poland, focusing specifically on variances in their respective types of economic activity. Based on the conclusive results of this multifaceted analysis, the topic of capital investment in the furniture and woodworking industries is explored in greater detail. This examination formally confirms a clear and present need to attract substantial investment as a primary mechanism for increasing the overall competitiveness of these industries. A principal objective for this required investment is the deliberate reduction of the existing economic and technological gap that separates Ukrainian enterprises from their more advanced counterparts in European economies. To this end, the paper proposes a framework of four mutually complementary strategies designed to guide the future development of the industries. These proposed strategies are all predicated on attracting significant investment and are outlined as follows: 1) investment directed towards comprehensive technological modernization; 2) focused efforts on the development of innovative new products and the establishment of strong, recognizable market brands; 3) a systematic process for achieving industry certification that is fully compliant with the official requirements of the European Union; and 4) a dedicated and sustained focus on the development of human capital to align workforce skills with new technologies.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN ENTERPRISE: FEATURES, STRATEGY AND TOOLS OF PROVISION
The article determines that the development of integration processes and globalization requires an increase in the level of security of enterprises and becomes a necessary condition for their effective development and functioning. Issues related to the ecological and economic security of enterprises in particular are becoming relevant in modern conditions of rapid development of production and foreign economic relations and require further research not only at the country level, but also at the level of regions and enterprises. Ecological and economic security is one of the most priority functional areas of the country's national security. Globalization, informatization, environmental pollution actualize the problem of ensuring economic security and the ecological aspect in particular. Nowadays, the problem of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources is being solved in two main directions: within individual countries by improving the relevant national legislation and strengthening the entire mechanism of management of the sphere of natural resources, as well as through the system of international cooperation. Solving global environmental problems and preserving the environment depends on joint efforts. Therefore, this issue is currently being solved within the framework of international cooperation. The author calls the regulatory legal support for the environmental safety of the enterprise and the implementation of a regional approach in this area, as well as the improvement of regional state environmental control, important.
THE INFLUENCE OF INSURANCE ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECURITY OF REGIONS
The development of modern business and the implementation of local and regional (territorial) development approaches necessitate the active expansion of the insurance sector. The introduction of appropriate financial mechanisms helps to neutralize threats and increase the financial stability of market players, as evidenced by the experience of European countries. The aim of this research is to substantiate the essence, features, and main tasks in the field of insurance, to identify priority areas for the development of the insurance market, and to harmonize the interests of participants and effective partnerships. This is considered in light of the need to create the preconditions for the socio-economic stability and security of the state and its individual regions. The main task of the study is to assess the current situation and existing forecasts, as well as to determine the priority directions for the development of the insurance sector, taking into account the needs of society, interests, and partnership mechanisms, including at the international level. The research employed scientific methods of cognition. The author examined the essence and potential for the development of the insurance sector, considering the practical experience of countries worldwide and current trends in the insurance market. The study proves the importance of the insurance sector for society, regional development, and enhancing investment opportunities. It analyzes regional peculiarities and defines priority areas for development based on the needs of economic sectors and territorial communities. The paper substantiates the impact of effective interaction among insurance market participants on the possibilities for expanding insurance services. It also highlights the relevance of partnership in implementing insurance approaches and mechanisms of interaction between participants. The author emphasizes the need to harmonize the interests of all participants, as well as to coordinate actions and levels of responsibility, and the potential for public-private partnerships in regional development and investment activities. The study underscores the need to guarantee practical results from interactions within the insurance sector and to create preconditions for socio economic security, taking into account regional specifics. The results of the author's research can be used for further studies in the field of insurance and partnership-based interactions among participants.
ESG: A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE COST OF CAPITAL FOR COMPANIES
This article investigates the impact of ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) practices on the cost of capital for companies. It substantiates the specifics of implementing ESG strategies, deepens the theoretical foundations of their assessment and analysis, and develops practical recommendations to enhance corporate competitiveness and investment attractiveness through the integration of sustainable practices. The topic's relevance stems from increasing global awareness, shifting investment priorities, regulatory pressure, and the positive influence of ESG on financial indicators, particularly the reduction in the cost of capital. Analysis of recent research confirms that companies with higher ESG scores incur lower capital costs. Specifically, a 10% increase in the overall ESG score can lead to a 134 basis point reduction in the cost of capital. A significant negative correlation has been found between ESG indicators and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for Swedish and American firms, indicating that sustainable practices are rewarded with lower financing costs, primarily due to a reduction in the cost of equity. The article examines the three core aspects of ESG: Environmental (assessing emissions, rational resource use, eco-design), Social (company interaction with employees, clients, community, working conditions, safety, product quality), and Governance (corporate governance, shareholder rights, board composition, executive compensation, anti-corruption measures). It is emphasized that a proactive approach to ESG is becoming an integral part of modern business strategy and risk management, evidenced by the surge in global sustainable investments exceeding $30 trillion. Companies with robust ESG frameworks gain competitive advantages, mitigate risks, and enhance their reputation. For Ukraine, integrating ESG principles is crucial for post-war recovery. Despite challenges posed by the war (environmental damage, human capital outflow, corruption), ESG implementation will facilitate attracting international investments, optimizing financial expenditures, and fostering sustainable economic growth. Transparent reporting on ESG achievements is recommended to build investor and public trust. Ukraine has the potential to become a role model in implementing ESG principles for sustainable development.
ECONOMIC CHALLENGES AND APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTING THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the economic obstacles that hinder the achievement of sustainable development in Ukraine in the context of current challenges. The key problems are investigated, including the energy intensity of the economy, limited funding for environmental programs, insufficient integration of sustainable development principles into economic policy, inefficient waste management, and the impact of socio-economic instability. Based on the study of available information and data from institutions and organizations at various levels of the economic and managerial hierarchy, including the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, etc., the article analyzes the causes of these problems and assesses their impact on the Ukrainian economy. In particular, high energy intensity is caused by existing technologies, especially in industrial sectors. Insufficient waste recycling hinders the transition to a circular economy, while limited funding for environmental programs hinders investment. The paper proposes ways for overcoming these problems, including stimulating energy efficiency through government subsidies and emissions trading, developing a circular economy by creating recycling infrastructure, attracting investment through environmentally friendly financial instruments, reforming economic policy through the introduction of environmental taxes and decentralization, and socio-economic measures to support the poor. Particular attention is paid to the adaptation of the international experience of transition economies, in particular Eastern European countries, to Ukrainian realities, taking into account the socio-economic context. The study emphasizes the need for cross-sectoral cooperation and the implementation of European standards, in particular within the framework of the European Green Deal, to ensure sustainable economic growth. The proposed recommendations are aimed at modernizing the state's economy, reducing dependence on imported energy resources, and improving the quality of life of the population.
ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE FUNCTIONING OF THE LOCAL AUTOMOTIVE ACCESSORIES MARKET
The automotive accessories market in Ukraine has been analyzed with a focus on the local market of Rivne, its functioning prospects, and the key factors driving change. The study identifies the main influences and interdependencies affecting market development, as well as current business opportunities in this sector. Consumer segments have been outlined, and the market structure – though dynamic – has been examined, providing a basis for short-term estimations of its capacity. The state and trends of the automotive accessories market, based on car sales data from 2021 to 2024, demonstrate steady growth, which is promising for the further expansion of accessory consumption given their linear interconnection. In Rivne, sales volumes of automotive accessories have increased by 15% over the past two years. This growth is driven by the rising number of vehicles, particularly from the secondary market, as well as by the expansion of the product assortment, its active promotion, and broader availability through both traditional retail stores and online platforms. The market is expected to continue its upward trajectory, fueled by growing consumer interest in safety and comfort, as well as the tendency toward personalization in line with modern trends. The continuous expansion of product ranges and the introduction of new branded goods further stimulate demand. Several approaches to estimating the market capacity for automotive accessories have been suggested, along with relevant methodological considerations. Based on the conducted analysis, the market can be regarded as one of opportunities, with favorable conditions for future growth. Considering the long service life of cars and the steady annual increase in their total number, the demand for accessories will continue to rise. The findings also highlight the need for adequately trained specialists in this sector to ensure effective implementation of investment projects and informed managerial decision-making.
IMPACT OF CRM SYSTEMS ON MANAGERIAL DECISIONS IN STRATEGIC ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT
The implementation of CRM systems as a tool for modernizing enterprise operations and activities leads to adjustments in the formulation of long-term goals and objectives, i.e., business or corporate strategies. CRM introduces new opportunities for customer interaction, accelerates data processing, provides a comprehensive overview of employee performance, and enables the evaluation of process efficiency at various stages of activity. In this sense, the use of CRM systems becomes a significant factor in transforming the enterprise’s strategic vision and redefining benchmarks for redistributing efforts and resources in pursuit of its primary mission. This study explores the role of CRM systems as a key instrument in today’s customer-oriented business environment. It highlights the functional capabilities of CRM in collecting, storing, and analyzing customer data, as well as the influence of data analytics on strategic decision-making. The advantages of CRM implementation for optimizing business processes, fostering effective customer relationships, and building competitive advantages in the global marketplace are discussed. Importantly, CRM enables not only the automation of operational processes but also the systematic accumulation of information over extended periods, such as years or business cycles. This long-term data storage facilitates analytical research, allowing the identification of dependencies and critical factors influencing employee, departmental, and overall enterprise performance. Consequently, CRM serves as an essential source of information for refining enterprise development strategies. The study also reviews widely used CRM systems actively implemented in Ukraine and internationally, analyzing their functional capabilities, strengths, weaknesses, and implementation costs. Furthermore, recommendations are substantiated regarding the suitability of different types of CRM systems for enterprises depending on their size and turnover.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
This article explores the profound transformation of interpersonal communication in the era of artificial intelligence (AI), highlighting how the integration of AI technologies has redefined traditional human interaction. Historically grounded in direct verbal and nonverbal exchange, interpersonal communication has always been a cornerstone of social cohesion, empathy, and identity. However, since the early 2020s, the emergence of generative AI systems and intelligent communication interfaces has challenged these foundational dynamics. AI is no longer a passive tool but increasingly acts as a mediator, moderator, or even participant in human dialogue. The study identifies five primary forms of AI integration into interpersonal communication: interactive engagement, algorithmic mediation, content generation, personalized interaction and socio-emotional modelling. While these innovations offer new opportunities for efficiency, accessibility, and inclusivity, they also introduce complex risks related to emotional authenticity, privacy, algorithmic bias, and communication ethics. Special attention is given to the psychological and social consequences of AI-mediated communication. The illusion of empathy generated by AI systems can lead to emotional dependency, decreased human contact, and an erosion of conversational skills. The phenomenon of “digital loneliness,” where individuals feel isolated despite continuous digital engagement, is increasingly prevalent, especially among younger populations. Furthermore, AI-driven recommendation systems contribute to informational echo chambers, limiting users’ exposure to diverse viewpoints and exacerbating social polarization. The article also discusses the epistemological and ontological implications of AI in human interaction. With the rise of deepfakes, synthetic voices, and manipulated identities, the boundaries of authenticity and trust in communication become increasingly blurred. The research draws on interdisciplinary methods, including communication theory, cognitive science, and sociotechnical systems analysis, to examine both empirical findings and conceptual frameworks. The results of the study indicate a dual nature of AI’s influence on communication. On one hand, it fosters accessibility, personalization, and continuous availability; on the other hand, it challenges core human values such as empathy, trust, and mutual understanding. The article concludes ith a call for the development of ethical guidelines, digital empathy education, and human-centered design in the deployment of AI communication systems. These efforts are necessary to ensure that technological advancement does not undermine the human dimension of interpersonal relationships.
COMMUNICATION TRANSFORMATIONS AS A RESULT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
The digital transformation of modern society is significantly altering human communication patterns, leading to profound shifts in interpersonal, organizational, and global interactions. One of the most transformative drivers of this change is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which has already become an integral part of communication systems – from personalized social media feeds and automated customer service agents to generative dialogue systems and AI-driven decision-making platforms. This article explores the multifaceted impact of AI on communication processes and practices, considering both the opportunities and the threats that arise in this rapidly evolving field. The article begins by analyzing the theoretical foundations of communication and how AI is reconfiguring traditional models. It demonstrates how personalization algorithms, while optimizing user experience and engagement, can contribute to echo chambers, filter bubbles, and ultimately, social polarization. These processes are illustrated with empirical findings and supported by relevant scholarly sources. The dual effect of AI-driven personalization is examined: while it enhances user centric content delivery, it also risks fragmenting shared public discourse. Another significant focus of the article is the automation of communication in institutional and business contexts. The implementation of AI in customer support, HR, journalism, and public services is reviewed to illustrate how AI can streamline communication processes, reduce labor costs, and increase efficiency. However, concerns related to the loss of the human element in communication, the ethical implications of automated responses, and biases embedded in AI systems are critically discussed. digital The paper also delves into the transformation of interpersonal communication. It considers how AI-generated avatars, chatbots, and deep fake technologies are redefining authenticity, trust, and emotional resonance in dialogue. These technologies challenge conventional understandings of communicative agency, leading to philosophical and ethical debates about human-machine interaction. A separate section of the article presents a comparative analysis of Ukrainian and international academic approaches to the problem, highlighting both global and local perspectives. Ukrainian scholars emphasize the importance of media literacy, critical thinking, and the integration of ethical frameworks in AI development. Tables and graphs are used to synthesize current research trends, usage statistics, and the societal reception of AI communication tools. In conclusion, the article argues that while AI holds immense potential to enhance communication, it also raises urgent questions about control, transparency, and the preservation of democratic dialogue. The authors call for the development of inclusive and accountable AI governance models and advocate for further interdisciplinary research that bridges technology, communication science, and social ethics.
INTELLIGENT EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MANAGEMENT: CURRENT STATE, CHALLENGES, AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
The article presents a comprehensive study of the implementation of intelligent educational technologies (IET) in the training of management professionals. It emphasizes the transformative potential of IET in shaping an educational environment that meets the demands of the digital age and the specificity of managerial competencies. IET is conceptualized as an integration of digital tools, pedagogical models, and artificial intelligence technologies aimed at supporting personalized, adaptive, and data-informed learning processes. The author proposes an original definition of “intelligent educational technologies in the field of management”, highlighting their role in fostering critical thinking, decision-making skills, and managerial autonomy. The study synthesizes key IET components: adaptive learning systems, learning analytics, intelligent tutoring systems, simulation-based environments, and foundational paradigms of AI in Education (AI-directed, AI supported, AI-empowered). It also incorporates methodological models such as TPACK, connectivism, and computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). The article analyzes the current state of IET usage in Ukrainian and international higher education institutions and identifies systemic barriers to implementation: conceptual fragmentation, digital inequality, insufficient digital literacy among educators, ethical risks, and regulatory ambiguity. Based on this analysis, the paper outlines strategic directions for IET development in managerial education, including the transition from isolated digital tools to integrated educational ecosystems, the promotion of co constructive learning approaches, and the development of personalized learning trajectories supported by ethical frameworks. Ultimately, IET can evolve from auxiliary tools into the architectural foundation of a new model of management education – one that is flexible, value-driven, analytically enhanced, and capable of preparing professionals for action under uncertainty and continuous change.
FEATURES OF FORMATION AND PRIORITIZATION OF BUDGET EXPENDITURES IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF CURRENT CHALLENGES
The article is devoted to the study of the features of the formation and prioritization of budget expenditures in the context of modern challenges. The priorities of state policy in accordance with the regulatory documents of Ukraine are summarized. Based on data from the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the indicators of the consolidated state budget and the level of its deficit are analyzed. The dynamics, structure and growth of expenditures of the consolidated state budget according to the functional approach during 2019–2023 are studied. The largest share of budget expenditures in 2021 2023 is directed to financing the defense sector, which is justified in the context of ensuring national security. At the same time, expenditures on social protection, education, healthcare, and economic activity have decreased, which creates risks for ensuring social stability, supporting human capital, and restoring the country's economic potential. Analysis of budget indicators also indicates a significant increase in its deficit, which reached its maximum in 2023. The ranking of the top 10 state institutions that had the largest volumes / the largest growth / decrease in budget financing in 2021 and 2023 in Ukraine is determined. The results of the own sample survey of the population of the Rivne region on the priorities of Ukraine's budget policy in modern conditions are analyzed. Among the most priority measures in forming the expenditure part of the budget, according to the survey results, are reducing the number and costs of maintaining state officials at all levels; ensuring transparency of budget financing, tough fighting against corruption; strengthening criminal liability for misuse of budget funds. According to estimates, the population considers the following areas of budget policy to be the most priority: education, social protection, healthcare, and defense.